eRetailing Strategy by Nigel Fenwick

Amazon.com and toysrus.com are having a baby. Is this a strategic offensive or an admission of failure?

In a move that took the industry by surprise, Amazon.com and toysrus.com announced in August that they will jointly create new co-branded online stores selling toys and baby products.

The new sites will be built and maintained by Amazon.com, with merchandising, buying and inventory managed by Toys R Us. Amazon.com will handle the sales order processing, order fulfillment and customer service for the new stores. Toys R Us will own the inventory, which will be housed in Amazon.com's distribution facilities.

It is not clear whether Amazon.com and toysrus.com will maintain their existing web sites once the new site is established. In the beginning at least, visitors to both Amazon.com and toysrus.com will be able to access the new toy site through links, but they may also be automatically redirected to the new site.

The move follows two difficult holiday seasons for toysrus.com, which has stumbled to get its fulfillment act together to satisfy increased demand for the past two years. Despite this, toysrus.com has been increasing its share of online traffic, even surpassing online rival eToys in 2000.

Amazon.com has also been struggling with its inventory assortment, which is difficult to manage in the highly seasonal toy sector. This move will protect Amazon.com from over investing in inventory, but the company is exposed to the buying ability of Toys R Us to satisfy customer demand.

A deal designed to leverage strengths

To some observers, the deal plays on the strengths of both companies:

Amazon.com leverages:

  • Expertise in home delivery to consumers and outstanding customer service.
  • High traffic volumes (although these were not sufficient for Amazon.com to make its own toy business profitable).
  • Internet retailing expertise.
Toys R US leverages:
  • Expertise in buying and merchandising toys that sell.
  • Toys R Us brand identity.
A deal with advantages for both partners

Both companies could come out of the deal looking healthier:

Amazon.com
  • Provides more reliable and predictable cash flow from the toy sector.
  • Removes risk of excessive inventory holding.
  • Accesses buying expertise without investing in people. 
Toys R Us
  • Removes a leading competitor in Amazon.com.
  • Removes the need for toysrus.com to invest in upgrading its distribution facilities.
  • Generates increased traffic from Amazon.com's customers.
Questions Remain
This could be considered an admission of defeat by both Amazon.com and toysrus.com. Both companies have effectively admitted they cannot make their online toy business profitable on their own. Managing a new joint venture of this type may be even more complex than either company has anticipated.

This new strategy from Amazon.com calls into question what the company's core business model should be. It effectively takes Amazon.com into the eRetail fulfillment business. This might be seen as a departure from its core business, or it could be considered an economical way of leveraging its online presence.

One of the biggest advantages toysrus.com has over rivals like eToys is that purchases can be returned to any Toys R Us store. On the new site, Amazon.com will handle all returns, preventing consumers from taking advantage of Toys R Us locations near their homes. This will remove one of toysrus.com's chief competitive advantages over companies like eToys.

Another crucial question centers around competitors that are not yet flexing their online muscles. What will happen when retail goliath WalMart, already the biggest toy retailer in the US, gets its act together and carves out a sizeable chunk of the online toy business for itself? This will no doubt put even more pressure on pure play eRetailers like eToys. However, to say it means the end of eToys would be highly premature. eToys may however find itself looking around for strong brick and mortar retailers to buddy up with as a defensive move. If it does, the Amazon/ToysRUs operation will come under even greater pressure.

Amazon.com started out as "the world's biggest bookstore" and created a powerful online brand image. Over the past few years the company has expanded its brand across a wide range of products, although it is yet to make a profit. This new strategy stretches the company's brand identity even further, potentially confusing the brand image in the minds of consumers. It is no longer clear how Amazon.com wants consumers to perceive the Amazon brand. Amazon may be in danger of spreading its brand identity too thinly and loosing control over its brand image. Can Amazon.com really create a brand that consumers identify with any type of online shopping?

Whether this will prove to be a winning strategy for Amazon.com and Toys R Us will be determined this holiday season and into 2001. If Toys R Us can get the right product in the right place at the right time, and Amazon.com can deliver at the right price, both companies may be creating a new e-business model. If not, competitor's sites are just a click away!

Voice Your Opinion!
We use your feedback to determine potential future research and to provide analysis on industry events.

Is this a winning combination or just a ploy to boost flagging share prices? How should eToys retaliate? Why was Toys R Us unable to succeed on its own given its huge brand identity in the toy market? What does this mean for Amazon.com? Has Amazon.com lost its way or is it beating a new path for others to follow?......click here!

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